Fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines



Sept. 5, 1933. M. ca. CHANDLER FUEL FEEDING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 17, 1930 Se t. 5, 1933. M. G. CHANDLER FUEL FEEDING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Fild Jan. 17, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l W H m Q 14 ]J 9 6 j 2 12 f] a 1 Patented Sept. 5, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FUEL FEEDING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 13 Claims.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in fuel feeding means for intemal combustion engines where the fuel is injected into the air stream of the air passage leading to the cylinders of the engine, the object being to provide an ajutage so constructed that the fuel will be injected into the air stream in an annular spray finely divided so that it can be readily picked up by the air and drawn into the cylinders of the engine by the suction of the piston where it can be compressed and fired.

, The main object of my invention is to provide an ajutage having a valve of the greatest tension which can be operated by low pressure and to obtain the finest of spray desired by providing an orifice of the greatest length in order that a given amount of fuel may be well divided by attenuation rather than the application of extremely high pressure.

Another object of my invention is to provide an ajutage having a resilient valve so constructed that the greatest number of units of area are near the periphery in order to allow it to flex when the pressure is applied to the fluid delivered thereto whereby the fuel will be delivered in a finely divided spray.

Another object of my invention is to provide an ajutage with a valve formed of a flexible disc having its center anchored so as to allow the fuel' to act on a large surface so that it will readily open under a predetermined pressure and inject an annular spray of fuel into the column of air being drawn into the engine.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter set forth and the novel features thereof defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is an enlarged longitudinal section through the ajutage showing the valve in closed position;

Figure 2 is a detail enlarged longitudinal section showing the valve slightly open in order to discharge fuel around the peripheral edge of the valve;

Figure 3 is a side elevation of an internal combustion engine showing the application of my improved construction of fuel feeding means thereto;

Figure 4 is a detail view illustrating the manner in which the pump is driven from the cam shaft of the engine; and

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view of a portion of an internal combustion engine cylinder illustrating the manner in which each ajutage discharges its fuel into the air passageway leading into the cylinder.

In the drawings 1 indicates an internal combustion engine of the four cylinder, four cycle type provided with the usual crank shaft 2 which is adapted to drive the cam shaft 3 in the usual manner. The cam shaft 3 carries a worm 4 which meshes with a worm wheel 5 adapted to drive the pump shaft of a pump 6 constructed in substantially the same manner as disclosed in my application, Serial No. 290,492, filed July 5, 1928. The pump 6 receives its fuel from a source of supply 7 through a pipe 8 and is adapted to deliver fuel through outlet pipes 9 into the respective air passages 10 leading to the respective cylinders of the engine, said air passages being controlled by a valve 11 operated by the cam shaft in the usual manner.

The type of pump as shown is of the variable output type and is substantially the same as shown in the above referred to application, the same being provided with control means 12 for increasing the stroke of the pistons.

The engine as herein shown is provided with an air intake manifold 13 provided with branches connecting respectively with the air passages 10 and has a throttle valve controlling the passage of air therethrough, not shown, and is operated by a crank 14 connected to the adjustable con- 5 trol of the pump 12 by a link 15 and having a manually controlled operating rod 16 connected thereto so that as the pump is adjusted to increase the fuel supply, the throttle will be opened to increase the air supply, all of which is fully shown and described in the above referred to application and is herein shown so that the operation of my improved construction of adjutage when used in connection with a fuel feeding means as disclosed in the above referred to application, can be readily understood.

My improved construction of ajutage comprises a tubular member 17 which is preferably reduced and externally threaded so as to be screwed into the internally threaded end 9' of one of the feed pipes 9. The ajutage is provided with an annular seat 18 at its outer end on which is adapted to be seated a laminated valve 19 formed of a plurality of flexible discs of different sizes gradually decreasing in size as clearly shown. These discs are carried by a valve stem 20 having a head 21 for holding the disc in position thereon. The valve stem 20 is mounted in a tube 22 arranged within the tubular hub portion 23 of a spider 24 arranged within the tubular ajutage and adapted to engage an annular shoulder 25. The end of the tube 22 is threaded on which is mounted a nut 26 which engages the lower portion of the hub of the spider and the endof the valve stem is threaded as shown at 27 on which is mounted a nut 28 and when the valve is in the position as shown in Figure 1, the spider will be held against the shoulder 25 by the nut 26, which also adjusts the tension of the valve discs which are locked against the head 21 by the sleeve 22 through the medium of the nut 28.

In assembling a valve, the desired number of discs of various sizes are placed on the valve stem 20 and the tube 22 is placed over the valve stem. The spider is then inserted in the ajutage and the nut 26 placed over the threaded portion of the sleeve 22 and screwed on the threaded portion until the discs are slightly flexed. The discs are formed of flat pieces of flexible metal arranged one upon the other and when placed under tension are substantially concavo-convexed as they assume this position when the tightening means is applied to place them under tension so that they will flex from a common center in order to prevent cracking of the same. It will be seen that by adjusting the nut 26 the valve disc can be drawn tightly down on the seats so as to be maintained in a closed position until the desired pressure has been built up in the supply line. It is, of course, understood that after the nut 26 has been placed in position that the nut 28 is screwed on the valve stem so as to clamp the disc between the sleeve and head of the valve stem in their proper positions.

With an ajutage as above described placed in position on each of the delivery pipes 9 leading from the pump, when the fuel is forced from the pump through the pipes 9 a predetermined amount of pressure is built up in the pipes 9. When this pressure is sufficient to overcome the resistance of the resilient valve, these valves flex so that an annular spray of fuel is discharged into the air inlet passageways 10 of the internal combustion engine so that it is taken up by the air and carried to the respective cylinders of the engine. By having the valve adjustable the proper tension can be maintained so as to hold the valves on their respective valve seats whereby the fuel will be injected into the air stream in a finely divided spray and as the entire area of the valve is exposed to the fluid, the valve is mounted or anchored at its center and I am able to provide an ajutage which forms a diverging spray rather than a concentrated spray so that these finely divided particles of fuel will be taken up readily by the air as it is sucked into the cylinders of the engine.

By having a valve constructed in this manner with an ajutage, the life is greatly increased as each of the discs flex from the center or a point of connection with the valve stem and as the fuel is delivered through an annular orifice formed by the valve raising annularly from the annular relatively fixed seat, I am able to use my construction of ajutage in connection with what is known as a low pressure system in fuel injecting means for internal combustion engines whereby the fuel will be injected by the pressure produced by the pump and when said pressure is reduced, the resiliency of the valve discs is sufficient to close the outlet to the ajutage instantaneously in order to prevent dripping and by having the valve adjustable, I am able to adjust the valve and hold it to its seat so that it can operate with different pressures.

While I have shown a particular manner of mounting the flexible discs in the ajutage so that they can be held on their seats at different tensions, I am of course, aware that various changes can be made from the construction shown without departing from the spirit of my invention as it is only necessary to have means for drawing downwardly on the valve stem in order to place the flexible discs under tension on their seats.

In the construction shown, the discs are detachably mounted on the valve stem by the use of a sleeve and of course, I am aware that they could be rigidly fixed to the end of a valve stem and that said valve stem could be mounted in a spider and provided with means for moving it in respect to the spider in order to apply the proper tension to the discs so as to hold the lower disc on the seat under the proper tension whereby it will only open after a predetermined pressure has been reached in the fuel being discharged therethrough.

It will also be noted that the lower disc has a small contact with the seat so as to prevent the forming of a vacuum at the peripheral edge of the disc and that by forming the disc and seat in this manner, the discharge of fuel through the disc is in the nature of a squirt or in other words, the fuel is quickly injected by the pressure and when said pressure reduces, the valve instantaneously closes so as to cut off the fuel and prevent the dripping of any fuel in the air passages.

I am aware that prior to my invention attempts have been made to inject fuel through a small orifice formed in a flexible disc which has its outer edge anchored, but I have found in practice that such a construction has the tenth ency to produce a tension on a small center hole which causes splits to develop, while with my construction, I reinforce the central or weaker portion of the disc and allow the free edge to be free to flex in order to discharge an annular column or an annular spray of finely divided particles into the air stream.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that I have provided a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines wherein means is provided for injecting a spray of fuel into the air passage leading to the cylinder by a novel form of ajutage which has a valve formed of a flexible disc anchored at its center so as to expose a large area of surface of the valve to the pressure of fluid, which allows the valve to open quickly and to close quickly as the pressure is increased and reduced without subjecting the material of the valve to any great stresses whereby the life the valve is greatly increased and an ajutage is produced which will open and close quickly to overcome any lag in closing or any hammering as is the case with other forms of valves.

What I claim is:

1. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, an ajutage comprising a tubular member having a spider, a fiat valve seat formed in said tubular member surrounded by an annular wall, a disc valve mounted on said seat, a valve stem carried by said disc valve, means for adjusting said valve stem for varying the tension of said disc on its seat.

2. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, a fuel ajutage for injecting fuel into the intake of the engine, comprising a tubular member having an annular fiat seat, a fiexible valve mounted on said seat composed of a plurality of resilient discs gradually decreasing predetermined pressure of fuel passing there- 8. In a fuel feeding system for internal com in size and means for placing said discs under tension for allowing said discs toflex under a through.

3. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, an ajutage for injecting fuel into the air passage of the cylinder, comprising a tubular member having an annular seat at one end, a spider detachably mounted in said tubular member, a valve stem having a head, a series of discs mounted on said stem, a sleeve mounted on said stem for clamping said discs against said head, said sleeve being mounted in said spider and means mounted on said sleeve for engaging said spider for placing said discs under tension.

4. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, a spray ajutage for delivering an annular spray of fuel into the intake of the engine comprising a body having a seat and a valve mounted on said seat composed of a plurality of flexible discs, said discs being placed under tension and adapted to open by the predetermined pressure of fuel passing through said ajutage.

5. In a fuel feeding means for internal com bustion'engines, the combination with an ajutage wall, and a flexible disc anchored at its center adapted to cooperate with said valve,seat and to be held thereon under adjustable tension.

7. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, an ajutage having a valve seat with a valve cooperating therewith-said valve comprising a valve stem having a plurality of flexible discs mounted thereon and means for placing said discs under tension by holding said valve on its seat.

bustion engines, an ajutage having a valve seat, a flexible valve mounted on said seat compris-- ing a plurality of discs of different sizes anehored at their centers and adapted to tie: to

10. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, an ajutage reduced to form an annular flat valve seat surrounded by an annular wall, and a valve formed of a plurality of discs mounted on said seat.

11. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, an ajutage comprising a tubular member reduced to form an annular flat valve seat surrounded by an annular wall, a disc valve mounted on said seat and means for adjusting said valve to vary the tension of said disc on said seat.

' .12. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, an ajutage reduced to form a annular flat valve seat surrounded by an annular wall, a flexible disc anchored at its center mounted on said seat having its peripheral edge spaced from said annular wall and means for adjusting said valve to vary thetension of said disc on its seat.

13. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, an adutage reduced to form an annular fiat valve seat surrounded by an annular wall, a flexible disc anchored at its center 00- operating with said seat and having its peripheral edge spaced from said annular wall and means for adjusting said valve to vary the tension of' said disc on its seat.

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